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UX experiments / Choice design

Choice design · Natural experiment · policy change

Opt in or enrolled by default: what happened to retirement savings?

US employer 401(k) plan · Madrian & Shea · 2001

Retirement savings plan: employees opt in, or are enrolled automatically and can opt out?

Version A: Opt in
AOpt in
Version B: Enrolled, can opt out
BEnrolled, can opt out

Make your call. Which version won, and why? Decide before you open the result. Guessing first is what trains your judgment.

Made your call? See the result

Participation rose from 37% to 86%.

What happened

New hires under automatic enrollment joined at far higher rates, though many stayed at the default contribution rate.

Why it worked

Most people keep the default. The default is a decision the designer makes for everyone who doesn't decide.

The takeaway

Choose defaults deliberately, and check what people get stuck at.

Source

More experiments to call

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